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Introduction
 Oncology is a special branch of medicine that deals
with the study and treatment of cancer. The term oncology
originates from the Greek word onkos meaning bulk or
tumor.
Oncology mainly deals with the diagnosis of cancer,
therapy which includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy
and others.
The most significant diagnostic tool used in the study
of oncology is medical history. It includes specific
symptoms experienced by the patient and nature of complaint.
Other diagnostic tools are
Biopsy - a medical test which involves removal
of cells or tissues from possible area of malignancy
for microscopic examination
Endoscopy - This involves internal examination
of the patient's body by inserting a small scope to
view the lesion.
X-Ray, CT scan, Ultrasound - These are radiological
techniques used to examine the patient.
Blood Tests - Pathological examination like
blood tests is a common technique to diagnose cancer.
Scintigraphy, Positron emission tomography -
These are methods of nuclear medicine used to diagnose
cancer.
Treatment of cancer depends on specific cases and the
nature and extent of malignancy of the tumor. The most
common methods of treatment are
Surgery - If the case permits, surgery or removal
of the malignant portion of the body is removed.
Chemotherapy - It is the use of chemical substances
to treat the disease. Often cytotoxic drugs are used
for chemotherapy.
Radiotherapy - Ionizing radiation is used as
a medical technique to cure and control the growth of
malignant cells.
Hormone Manipulation - is mainly used in cases
of breast and prostrate cancer
Vaccine - It is an antigenic preparation used
to establish immunity to the disease.
To treat social problems like neglect and alienation,
patients suffering from cancer or cured from cancer
need palliative care. Physical problems that are associated
with the treatment of cancer are pain, nausea, anorexia,
fatigue and immobility.
Facilities available in Apollo Hospitals
Apollo's Oncology department has a special Tumour Board,
comprising medical, surgical and radiation oncologists,
and diagnostic consultants who provide comprehensive
advice on the best course of treatment for patients.
The department provides world-class cancer cure.
To know more about Oncology keep browsing our site
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