Urology Treatment in India

TURP/TUEVP
Trans Urethral Electric Vaporization of Prostrate (TUEVP) is a better method in terms of surgery than Trans Urethral Resection of Prostrate (TURP). Enlargement of the prostrate gland among males over 50 years is a common occurrence.

One of the methods used is Laser ablation. It is a simple process and the blood loss is relatively less. After the surgery, the patient is discharged from the hospital within a few days.

OIU (Optical Internal Urethrotomy)
OIU is an advanced medical process which deals with the number of strictures present in the male urethra. A combination of intermittent catheter and active urethral dilation is used to prevent the chances of a possible recurrence of strictures.

'Optical Internal Urethrotomy' is a safe process used for plain strictures in the urethra. However, the treatment is begun with internal urethrotomy or urothroplasty.

BNI (Bladder Neck Incision)
BNI (Bladder Neck Incision) is a procedure involving telescopic removal, incision or obstructing sections of the prostrate in which a catheter is temporarily inserted for the purpose of irrigating the bladder.

The patient has to get admitted to the hospital around 2 weeks before the operation is performed. Post operation, the patient's urine may be flooded with blood along with a burning sensation in the area for a few days. When the urine becomes normal the catheter is removed.

An alternative process includes medication, use of catheter, laser surgery or open surgery. Once the patient is discharged, he can resume his normal activities within 4 to 6 weeks.

Endopyelotomy
'Endopyelotomy' is a medical process used to treat the ureteropelvic junction either by Percutaneous Nephrostomy (Antegrade Endopyelotomy) or Retrograde Endopyelotomy. In the first process, the surgeon reaches the kidney while in the second case, the urethra or the urinary bladder is involved.

'Endopyelotomy' is performed in cases of horseshoe kidney, fibrous scarring, kidney stone and other symptoms. The patient can resume his daily activities 2 to 4 weeks after the operation.

Radical Nephrectomy
'Radical Nephrectomy' is medical procedure in which the entire kidney is removed along with its adrenal gland and lymph gland. It is performed on patients who have renal cell carcinoma (Stages 1, 2 or 3) of kidney or polycystic kidney.

'Radical Nephrectomy' can be performed by Open Abdominal Approach or Laparoscopic Approach. Four small incisions are made in the abdomen (3 inches wide) extending up to the rib cage and the entire process can take up to 3 hours.

Post operation days (1 week) are extremely painful and uncomfortable. However, the patient can return to normal work after 4- 6weeks.

Partial Penectomy
Partial Penectomy means partial removal of the penis. It is done when the patient suffers from cancer in the penis. In Partial Penectomy the tip of the penis is removed by the surgeon. In fact, the surgeon tries to retain the shaft as much as possible. The patient does not have any problems with urinating even after this is done. Sexual life of people who undergo Partial Penectomy is not much affected.

Total Penectomy
This involves the total removal of the entire penis including that part of the penis that extends to the pelvis. The patient urinates through a new aperture that is created for the urethra and the tube carries urine from the urinary bladder. In this case, the patient has to literally give up his sexual life after the surgery.

Prostrate Biopsy
Prostate Biopsy is a medical procedure which includes the removal of small samples from patient's prostrate gland. It is done to test for cancer. In this method, the patient is anestheticized locally. However, in case of complications, the patient may pass blood through urine.

Prostate Biopsy can be done transrectally either through the urethra or the perineum. In this about 12 needles (six from each side) are inserted into the prostrate gland in order to obtain samples. It is assisted with tactile help of ultrasound. The surgeon inserts an ultrasound device into the patient's rectum to guide the biopsy needles.

The patient may feel uncomfortable during the entire procedure. He may also emit blood during ejaculation for quite a few weeks. Antibiotics are prescribed to prevent any infection if Prostate Biopsy is done transrectally.

Bladder Biopsy
Bladder Biopsy is a procedure in which small pieces of tissue are removed from the bladder for medical examination for detecting any abnormalities of the bladder or any tumor or cancer.

Bladder Biopsy is generally considered to be a part of Cystoscopy. The process requires the patient to sign a consent form before the test is performed. A Cystoscope is inserted into the patient's bladder through the urethra. Common feelings include a burning sensation and a strong urge to urinate.

Some other abnormalities can be

• Bladder Diverticula
• Cysts
• Infection
• Ulcers

One of the risks may be that of urinary tract infection or excessive bleeding or rupturing of the bladder wall during biopsy. The patient must consult a physician if he has pain, chill or fever and if the urine output is low (also called oliquria).

Vasectomy
Vasectomy is a process in which two tube carrying sperm (vas deferens) from the testicles to the urinary tract are tied in order to prevent the sperm from reaching a woman's egg and thus fertilize it during coitus. Some of the initial problems that the patient faces are bleeding, infection and sperm granuloma or sperm conjestion near the epididymitis. However, these symptoms disappear if the patient takes rest and anti-inflammatory medicines. The process is not at all painful. Local anesthesia is done on the genitals before Vasectomy is performed.

Vasectomy is considered to be the best possible method for contraception during sexual intercourse. In this, the patient can enjoy a normal sexual life; he cannot detect the diminished sperm count in his semen.